The Ethical Decision Making Models - 1576 Words

Ethical Decision-Making Models Decision-making in the field of psychology refers to a cognitive process that results in a selection among multiple possible solutions in a situation (Colman, 2008). Decision-making is based on available information from the environment as well as intrinsic information and existing schemas (Rogerson, Gottlieb, Handelsman, Knapp Younggren, 2011). These internal schemas, along with knowledge and personal preferences, influence the decision-making process. Ethical decision-making differs from normal decision-making in that ethical standards influence the decision maker s choice (Rogerson et al., 2011). Numerous professions and organization adhere to some form of ethical standards including business,†¦show more content†¦In level 3, the counselor makes decisions that society and laws would approve of (societal). Level 4 (individual) refers to the counselors decisions that are based on the needs of the client while at the same time adhering to laws and right and others. Leve l 5 refers to the counselor’s ability to make decisions based on self-chosen principles of conscience and internal ethical schemas (principles). Levels 1 and 2 are considered to be low while levels 4 and 5 are considered to have high levels of moral developments. Models of moral development have been integrated into the first models of ethical decision-making (Cottone Claus, 2000). There are several ethical decision making models including Kritchner s model, social constructivism, and organizational-based models that take into consideration organizational factors and moral intensity. One of the first models for ethical decision-making was developed in 1984 by Kritchener according to Cottone and Claus (2000). Kitchener argued that in an absence of ethical standards an individual uses personal value judgment which lead to subpar decisions. Kitchener based her model from previous model of moral development and recommended that counselors should strive to develop a deeper understanding of the implications of behaving ethically. Most decision-making models are linear and are based on rational thought (Cottone Claus,Show MoreRelatedThe Ethical Decision Making Model Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesETHICAL DECISION-MAKING MODEL Many face ethical dilemmas daily through their different professions and usually this is when issues arise, some dilemmas are simple tasks others may be very complex and some have grey areas.   Organizational culture, codes of conduct, rules and regulations and equal opportunity for example, play a role in a profession’s ethical standards.   When looking at society today with regard to crime.   Ethical standards in our justice system are extremely useful because our beliefsRead MoreThe Ethical Decision Making Model959 Words   |  4 PagesAbility The first attribute of the trust model is ability. Ability is defined as having the skills to accomplish a task, competency, proficiency or talent in a certain area (Liberty University, 2015). 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